china and pakistan are bolstering their military cooperation by engaging in joint exercises. while india is steadily upgrading its military on the back of its economic might. if india succeeds in arming its nuclear submarine with the k-5, it will add a powerful option in its military strategy. the country's continuing missile program is likely to start. nhk world, new delhi. >>> developed countries invest billions of dollars in aid every year to help developing nations. it's known as official development assistance or oda. and it can pay for everything from cleaning up water to putting up buildings to improving technology. nations that invest in africa gain better access to emerging markets and natural resources but japan's sluggish economy forced its leaders to cut oda. they slashed it to less than half of what it was at its peak in the 1990s. however, they're determined to maintain a presence so they've come up with a new strategy. nhk world explains. >> reporter: senegal, western africa. for years, a japanese government agency called the japan international cooperation age